Decision Analytical Markov Model

How it works

Where it comes from

Highlighted claims

• The Markov model simulates the life course of a hypothetical cohort of WLHIV in India beginning at approximately age 25, reflecting the median age of HIV diagnosis among Indian females. — Cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV in India: study protocol
• The model runs in six-month cycles over the cohort's lifetime, with future costs and health outcomes discounted at 3% per annum. — Cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV in India: study protocol
• A societal perspective is adopted, incorporating direct medical costs, direct non-medical out-of-pocket expenses, and productivity losses from time lost accessing healthcare. — Cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV in India: study protocol
• The willingness-to-pay threshold is set at one-times India's GDP per capita. — Cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV in India: study protocol
• Net monetary benefit allows direct ranking of all 24 strategies plus the status quo without performing sequential ICER dominance tests. — Cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV in India: study protocol
• Model calibration compares no-intervention outputs against Indian epidemiological targets including age-specific HPV prevalence, CIN2/3 prevalence, and lifetime cervical cancer risk. — Cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV in India: study protocol
• Natural history parameters are derived from a structured literature review prioritising Indian studies, supplemented by evidence from other LMICs where local data are insufficient. — Cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV in India: study protocol