Sham Stimulation

Dosage & preparation

Preparation

Comparisons

Highlighted claims

• Sham stimulation provides brief initial sensory stimulation for 5 to 10 seconds before reducing output to 0 mA. — Efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on early mobilisation in patients undergoing unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
• The control group receives electrode placement at non-meridian, non-acupoint sites. — Efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on early mobilisation in patients undergoing unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
• The sham intervention matches active TEAS timing by beginning 30 minutes before surgery and continuing throughout the operation. — Efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on early mobilisation in patients undergoing unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
• The sham condition uses visible stimulator connections to support similarity with active treatment. — Efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on early mobilisation in patients undergoing unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial